PLANT SURVEY

Yellow Gulmohar

This tree can vary from 15 to 25 metres in height with leaves as long a 60 cm. It is umbrella shaped and its flowers are fragrant and yellow in colours. The tree starts to flower after about 4 years.

Tecoma Stans

This tree can be from 1.5 to 5 metres tall. Its flowers are yellow and it has toothed leaves. The tree is considered an invasive species outside the Americas.

Dalbergia sissoo

Sheesham is a fairly large tree at 10-15 metres high in dry areas and as tall as 30 metres in wet areas. The trunks are often crooked. It has pink-white flowers.

Azadirachta indica

Neem is a tree that hardly anyone in the Indian subcontinent is unfamiliar with. It grows quickly and is usually about 15-20 metres tall but can grow up to 40 metres.

Manihot esculenta

Cassava is best known for its edible tuberous root. The plant itself is a woody shrub and might be as tall as 3 metres. The roots must be prepared well though since they can be poisonous otherwise. It is a major source of income in Africa and often serves as a cash crop.

Cascabela thevetia

The tree is short and ranges between 2.5-3 metres in height. The plant is very drought resistant and its fruits are reddish black with large seeds. The flowers and fruits are very poisonous and should be avoided.

Delonix regia

Gulmohar is a very colourful tree when in full bloom. The flowers are usually bright red and are considered very beautiful. It grows to a modest height of 5 metres usually but can be sometimes twice as tall as that. It is a common street tree in India.

Neolamarckia cadamba

This tree can grow as tall as 45 metres and has flowers which look like hairy orange balls. Kadam is believed to have been the favourite tree of Krishna.

Triadica Sebifera

`Chicken Tree` is a medium-small tree growing to a maximum height of 15 meters. The tree bears bright yellow (or light green) florescent colour spike like flowers with a length of about 20 centimetres. The tree is monoecious and produce both male and female flowers. The leaves are bright green in colour with a broad oval shape and an extended tail resembling that of a `Peepal` tree. The seeds capsule is initially green and turn brown as it mature, ultimately falling to the ground and releasing three seeds of about 12 millimetre in diameter.

Albizia lebbeck

`Siris` (local name in India) is a large tree growing to a height of 18 to 30 meter tall with a trunk size of 0.5 to 1 meter in diameter. The fruit of the tree is a seedpod containing 6 to 12 seeds. The tree bears beautiful fragrant flowers with white or green stamens, they contain rich nectar which attract a variety of pollinating insects. The flowers grow around the month of April and fall in a month. In Tamil Nadi, the tree is known as `vaagai` or victory, because the kings of the Sangam Age worn garland after winning battles made of the flowers of the Siris tree.

Bauhinia variegata

`Kachnar` (local name in India) is a medium sized deciduous shrub or small tree. It is a species of flowering plant and is admired for it's large, showy, rosy purple, fragrant and beautiful orchid like flowers. The tree ranges from 10 to 12 meter tall with 10 to 20 centimetre long and broad leaves. The fruit of the tree is a seedpod (like a pea) containing various seeds. Upon drying, the seedpod twist into a helix, which ultimately explode with an audible crack - dropping seeds into the surrounding area.

Leucaena leucocephala

`Subabul` (local name in India) tree is named so, because of its resemblance to the `Babul` tree found commonly in India. It is a small fast-growing tree which is cultivated widely in the tropics as a fodder plant (used to feed domestic livestock). The tree ranges from 10 to 20 meter vertically with a bole (trunk) diameter of 30 to 50 centimetres. It produces small white flowers tinged with yellow colour.

Pseudopanax ferox

This tree can grow upto 8 metres in height. Its leaves are needle shaped and about 40cm long. It can survive in both tropical and subalpine climates. It grows with a central trunk and downward facing leaves for 10-15 years after which it starts resembling a more typical tree.

Carya Illinoinensis

Pecan is a fairly large tree, growing as tall as 40 metres. Its `nuts`, which it is best known for, are technically fruits with a single pit and taste sweet. It begins to bear these nuts after 6-10 years and a single tree can produce as much as 70-150 pounds of nuts in a harvest. The tree is long-living as well with an expected lifespan of 300 years.

Fraxinus griffithii

Griffith's Ash is usually around 15-18 metres tall and has odd pinnately compound leaves. It has small white flowers which bloom in the summer. The Fraxinus in the name comes from `frango` which is Latin for fragile and refers to the ease with which the wood of this tree breaks while still attached to the ground but the wood is suitable for indoor uses once cut down.

Acacia baileyana

Golden Mimosa` (common name in Australia) is a medium shrub/tree that can grow upto a height of 8 meters with leaves as long as 65 mm. It is a flowering tree and is recoganized by it's bright yellow/golden yellow fluffy flowers that are arranged into small globular clusters containing upto 25 flowers. The fruit of the Mimosa tree is an elongated pod (upto 120 mm long), these pods contain about 12 dark brown/black seeds.

Acrocomia aculeata

`Macaw Palm` is a large palm tree that can vary from 15 to 20 metres tall with a bole (trunk) diameter of upto 50 cm. It has long leaflets (upto 4 meters long) that has various sharp spines jutting out from the main trunk. The flowers of the tree are small, and only present on leaves longer than 1.5 meters.The fruit (grugru nut) is a small, nut like drupe that can be upto 5 cm in diameters.

Breynia retusa

Bahupraja (Sanskrit name) is a small shrub that has large spreading branches. The main feature of the plant is it's fruit which looks like berry kept on a saucer. It is a fairly small shrub and can grow upto 2 meters tall. It has broad, elliptical leaves that are 1 to 3 cm wide. Flowers of the this plant are unisexual and can range from green to yellow in color. It's fruits are small 1 to 2 cm in diameter and are slightly flattended round berries.

Hedera helix

`English ivy` is a small evergreen climbing plant growing upto 20 to 30 meters on suitable surfaces. It can also grow horizontally, if no vertical surface is availabe. The leaves of this plant are 2 to 4 inches broad and can extend upto 1 inch, similar to that of a Peepal tree. It produce small, 3 to 5 cm wide flowers from late summer until late autimn and are very rich in nectar. It's fruit are yellowish orange berries, 6 to 8 mm in diameter, they contain upto 5 seeds which are dispersed after being eaten by birds.

Dioon purpusii

Dioon purpusii is a small plant that grows about 5 meters tall with a trunk diameter of 40 cm. It has palm like leaves that are 7 to 12 cm long with small sharp leaves emerging from the central petiole. The plant does not grow any flowers and has only one central seed code from which all leaves emerge. The seed code is 15 to 20 cm in diameter and contain small sharp seeds.

Ligustrum lucidum

Glossy privet is a very colourful tree when in full bloom. The flowers are usually white or near white and are have a strong fragnance. It grows to a tall height of 10 metres usually. The leaves of this tree are dark green and can be 6 to 17 meters long and 3 to 8 cm wide.

Ceiba pentandra

The buttress roots can be clearly seen in photographs extending 12 to 15 m (40 to 50 ft) up the trunk of some specimens. The trees produce several hundred 15 cm (6 in) pods containing seeds surrounded by a fluffy, yellowish fiber that is a mix of lignin and cellulose.

Acacia concinna

Acacia Concinna is a thorny spreading shrub or tree that can either be scandent or climb into other plants. The bark is light grey. Leaves are oblong 4-10mm long forming 7-11 pairs of branches each with 17-37 pairs of leaflets. Flower buds are purple or dark red. The flowers are cream or white. Pods up to 5cm long are flat and thick with 7 seeds.

Mangifera indica

A large green tree, valued mainly for its fruits, both green and ripe. Approximately 210 varieties of mango have been reported. It can grow up to 15-30 meters (49-98 ft) tall. The tree grows best in well-drained sandy loam; it does not grow well in heavy wet soils. The mango is an irregular, egg-shaped fruit that is a fleshy drupe. Mangos are typically 8-12 cm (3-5 in) long and greenish-yellow in color.

Caesalpinia pulcherrima

It is a shrub growing to 3 m tall. In climates with few to no frosts, this plant will grow larger and is semievergreen. In Hawaii this plant is evergreen and grows over 5 m tall. Grown in climates with light to moderate freezing, plant will die back to the ground depending on cold, but will rebound in mid-to late spring.

Plumeria alba

This 2-8m deciduous shrub has narrow elongated leaves, large and strongly perfumed white flowers with a yellow center.

Plumeria obtusa

`Gulchin` (native name in hindi) is either a small shrub or a tree ranging from 1 to 6 meter in height. The leaves of this tree are oval with 2 to 7 centimeter width and around 6 to 22 centimeter long, they are dark green in color and are shiny on the upper surface. The main attraction of the tree is it's white colored flowers which tend to be yellow at the center. The flowers grow in a cluster and have 5 petals each, that are fused at the base in a small funnel-shaped tube.

Psidium guajava

Guava tree or Psidium Guajava, is a small tree that grows upto a height of 33 feet (around 10 meter). The tree can easily be recognized because of it's smooth, copper/brown colored bark that flakes off. The leaves of the tree are long and oval shaped. The tree produces fragrant white flowers that contain 4 to 5 petals each. The main attraction of the tree is its `Guava` fruit, for which it is cultivated around the world. The fruit is spherical and is edible, it exudes a strong sweet musky odor when ripe and is 5 to 10 centimeter in diameter.

Millettia pinnata

`Millettia Pinnata` is a medium tree that grows upto a height of 25 meters. It has a straight or crooked trunk that is 50 to 80 centimeter in diameter. It has deep-green/burgundy colored oval leaves. The tree starts flowering after 4 years and blossoms throughout the year. The flowers are white, pink and purple in color and can grow upto 20 millimeter long. The seeds of the tree are contained within a brown seed pod which appear immediately after flowering. Each pod contains 1 to 2 brown-red bean-like seeds. The seeds emerge from the pod only after the other covering has decomposed or is damaged by animals. The tree is well suited for intense heat and sunlight due to which it is a good source of shadow in hot, sunny areas.

Pometia pinnata

Island leechee is a large tree that grows upto a height of 50 meters. The tree has long compound leaves that can be upto 1 meter long and contain several small leaflets. The leaflets are egg shaped and are red in color while young and become dark green as they mature. The tree produces both male and female flowers. The flowers are about 2.5 millimeter long and are generally white to green yellow in color. Its fruit are round with a diameter of 1 to 3 centimeter and red to black in color. The seeds of this tree are egg shaped, upto 2.5 centimeter long and are brown in color.

Prunus laurocerasus

Prunus laurocerasus is an evergreen shrub or small to medium sized tree, growing to a height of 5 to 15 meters tall, with a trunk diameter of 60 centimeter. The leaves of the tree are dark green in color, oval shaped, growing to a length of 4 to 10 centimeter. Sometimes the leaves of this tree emit a scent of almonds when crushed. The flowers grow on a bud and each bud can have 30 to 40 small flowers. Each flower is 1 centimeter long and has a creamy white color. The fruit of this tree is a small cherry which turns black when ripe.

Ficus elastica

Indian rubber tree, is a medium-large tree that can grow upto a height of 60 meters with a trunk diameter of upto 2 meters. The leaves of the fig tree are 10 to 35 centimeters long and 5 to 15 centimeters wide. The leaves of this tree are largest on young plants and much smaller on older trees. The tree requires a particular species of fig wasp to pollinate, due to which the tree does not produce colorful or fragrant flowers to attract other pollinators. The fruit is a small yellow-green colored oval fig and is 1 centimeter long. The tree also produces a milky white latex due to which it got the name `Rubber fig`.

Pisonia grandis

Pisonia grandis is a medium tree that can grow upto a height of 20 meters. The tree has broad bright green colored leaves. The tree bears small green sweet-smelling flowers that mature into sticky barbed seeds. The tree is a common nesting site for birds. The wood of the tree is weak and soft due to which it decays rapidly when the tree falls.

Blandfordia nobilis

Christmas bells is a small sized tree that can grow upto a height of 7 meters. The main attraction of this tree is its bright red bell shaped flowers. The flowers of this tree contain 3 petals which form a cylindrical flower usually 20-30 millimeters long and 10 millimeters wide. Due to its bell like flower the tree got the name `Christmas bells` all around the world.

Syzygium cumini

It is a medium-sized tropical and evergreen tree, about 10-30 m in height. The leaves are smooth, opposite, shiny, leathery and oval. The flowers are pink or nearly white. The fruits are oval, green to black when ripe, with dark purple flesh. It contains a large seed.

Ficus benjamina

Weeping fig is an elegant plant with slender branches that arch gracefully from a light grey trunk, with dense, glossy dark leaves that may shed when the plant is stressed. It grows as a large broadleaf evergreen tree in tropical and subtropical climates, but it is more often grown as a houseplant in homes and offices and is a popular feature in interior commercial landscaping. It is a rare tree that has a good tolerance for the limited light conditions of indoor environments.

Alstonia scholaris

It is a glabrous tree and grows up to 40 m (130 ft.) tall. Its mature bark is greyish and its young branches are copiously marked with lenticels.

Fraxinus excelsior

The European Ash is fairly tall at 12-18 metres with a thick trunk. The bark of the tree is silvery-brown and is particularly pale in younger trees. It can have both male and female flowers which bloom in the spring and keep blooming even after the leaves wilt.

Senna siamea

The tree is moderately tall and can grow as tall as18 metres. It has yellow flowers and black fruits which are edible but need handling first. The bark might be slightly irritating to the skin.

Lagerstroemia speciosa

This is a medium sized tree which can grow up to 20 metres. Its flowers are either pink or white with six petals which only bloom once in the summer. The plant's scientific name is after Carl Linnaeus who discovered. The name Jarul means �queen of flowers�.

Bixa orellana

It is tall for a shrub, ranging from 6-10 metres in height. Its flowers are either pink or white and resemble wild roses. Its fruit is an ovoid capsule which falls and opens up to release 40-50 seeds. The shrub flowers from July-October and fruits from October-December.

Senna auriculata

This is small shrub, about 1-1.5 metres in height. Its flowers are bright yellow and appear at the end of each branch. The fruit is a short legume with 12-20 seeds in every fruit stored away in a separate cavity.

Melaleuca viminalis

The bottlebrush is a large shrub at 10 metres tall. The flowers are its most striking feature. They are arranged as red coloured spikes around the end of the branches which continue growing even after flowering. The flowering occurs around September to December but can occur sporadically around the year. The fruit is a hard brown capsule.

Oroxylum indicum (गरूर का पौधा)

It is listed as rare, endangered and threatened plants. O. indicum is native to the Indian subcontinent and the Himalayan foothills.

Pterocarpus santalinus (रक्त चन्दन)

It is listed as near threatened plants. The plant is common in southern eastern ghats mountain range ofSouth India. The tree should not be confused with the aromatic Santalum sandal wood trees that grow natively in South India.

Adenanthera pavonina (रतन गुञ्ज पौधा)

The tree is common in the tropical countries: Brazil and United states and in southern states of India like Tamilnadu and Kerala. A pavonina seeds are know as a symbol of love in China.

Tectona grandis (सागौन का पौधा)

Teak is a tropical hardwood deciduous tree. It is native to south and southeast Asia, mainly Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka etc, but is naturalised and cultivated in many countries for its valued used as timber.

Cissus quadrangularis (हदीजोड़ पौधा)

The species is native to tropical Asia, Arabia, and much of Africa. It is a hardy plant and can grow in dry condition also.

Crateva religiosa (वरूण)

It is native to tropical Asia and several South Pacific islands. It is grown elsewhere for fruit, especially in parts of the African continent.

Moringa oleifera (मुंगा)

M. oleifera is a fast-growing, drought-resistant tree native to the Indian subcontinent.India is the largest producer of moringa. Moringa trees have been used to combat malnutrtion, especially among infants and nursing mothers. Since moringa thrives in arid and semiarid environments, it may provide a versatile, nutritious food source throughout the year in various geographic regions. Some 140 organizations worldwide have initiated moringa cultivation programs to lessen malnutrition, purify water, and produce oils for cooking.

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (पारिजात)

The plant is native to South Asia and Southeast Asia. It is also known as "tree of sorrow" because the flowers lose their brightness during daytime. The flower is the official flower of the state of West Bengal and of Kanchanaburi Province Thailand.

Ficus religiosa (पीपल का पेड़)

F. religiosa is native to most of the Indian subcontinent- Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan and India as well as part ofIndochina- the Andaman Islands, Thailand, Myanmar etc,.The sacred tree is thestate tree of the Indian states of Odisha and Haryana.

Terminalia arjuna (अर्जुन वृक्ष)

The arjuna is seen across the Indian subcontinent and found growing on river banks Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Odisha along with Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. It has oblong, conical leaves which are green on the top and brown below, smooth, grey bark; it has pale yellow flowers which appear between March and June and fibrous woody fruit divided into five wings and can be seen between September and November.

Mimusops elengi (बकुला पेड़)

The plant is native to South and Southeast Asia, particularly the coastal areas of the Indian subcontinent, Sri Lanka, Vietnam and Myanmar.

Bauhinia racemosa (बीड़ी के पत्ते का पेड़)

Rare medicinal species of flowering shrub with religious significance. It is native to tropical Southeast Asia.

Cordia myxa (लसुर)

It is found growing primarily in Asia, as well as, across the globe especially in tropical regions starting from 200 m above mean sea level in the plains and ascends to an altitude around 1,500 m in the hills. The bark is distinctly grayish brown in color with longitudinal and vertical fissures.

Vitex negundo (निर्गुन्डी)

It is a large aromatic shrub. Vitex negundo is native to tropical Eastern and Southern Asia and Africa. It is widely cultivated and naturalized elsewhere also.

Simarouba glauca (स्वर्ग के पेड़)

Paradise tree is an evergreen, small to medium-sized tree. It is native to Bahamas, Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto rico, united states of America.

Justicia adhatoda (वासका के पेड़)

The plant exist as shrub and is native of Indian subcontinent (Assam, Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Sri Lanka) and Myanmar. It has been introduced elsewhere also.

Elaeocarpus ganitrus (रुद्राक्ष वृक्ष)

35 out of the 300 species of Elaeocarpus are found in India. The principal species of this genus is Elaeocarpus ganitrus, which is commonly known as "rudraksha tree", and is found in Gangetic plain, in the foothills of the Himalayas, parts of Australia, Guam and Hawaii.